Classification of Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are classified into following classes depending upon whether these undergo hydrolysis and if so on the number of products form: Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Trisaccharides, Oligosaccharides, Polysaccharides
Monosaccharides
Molecules having only one actual or potential sugar group are called monosaccharides. They are simple carbohydrates that cannot be hydrolyzed further into polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketone unit Sugars having aldehyde group are called aldoses and sugars with keto group are called ketoses. Depending on the number of carbon atoms monosaccharides are named as
| Number of Carbons | Category Name | Examples |
| 4 | Tetrose | Erythrose, Threose |
| 5 | Pentose | Arabinose, Ribose, Ribulose, Xylose, Xylulose, Lyxose |
| 6 | Hexose | Allose, Altrose, Fructose, Galactose, Glucose, Gulose, Idose, Mannose, Sorbose, Talose, Tagatose |
| 7 | Heotose | Sedoheptulose, Mannoheptulose |
triose (C3), tetrose (C4), pentose (C5), hexose (C6), heptose (C7) and so on.
Monosaccharide classifications based on the number of carbons
QUESTIONS
1. Carbohydrate consists of ……………….., ……………….. & ……………….. molecule
2. Hydrogen Oxygen atom ratio in Carbohydrate is ………………..
3. Molecules having only one actual sugar group is called as ………………..
4. Sugars having aldehyde group is called as ………………..
5. Sugars with keto group is called as ………………..
2. Match the following
1. Monosaccharides with six carbons (a) Tetrose
2. Monosaccharides with four carbons (b) Heptose
3. Monosaccharides with five carbons (c) Hexose
4. Monosaccharides with seven carbons (d) Pentose
3. Match the following
1. Hexose (a) Erythrose
2. Heptose (b) Ribose
3. Tetrose (c) Mannoheptulose
4. Pentose (d) Fructose
