CBSE Science Exhibition Project Example Theme “Industry” Project “Sagar Manthan-Oil spill collector” Science Fair Project Class 10 and 12

Project Name: Sagar Manthan-Oil spill collector

Project Theme: Industry

Objective: An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially  marine areas, due to human activity, and is a form of pollution. The term is usually applied to marine oil spills, where oil is released into the ocean or coastal waters.

Crude oil and refined fuel spills from tanker ship accidents have damaged natural ecosystems in Alaska, the  Gulf of Mexico, the Galapagos Islands, France and many other places. The quantity of oil spilled during  accidents has ranged from a few hundred tons to several hundred thousand tons

Oil spills at sea are generally much more damaging than those on land, since they can spread for hundreds of  nautical miles in a thin oil slick which can cover beaches with a thin coating of oil. This can kill sea birds,  mammals, shellfish and other organisms it coats.

Oil penetrates into the structure of the plumage of birds and the fur of mammals, reducing its insulating ability, and making them more vulnerable to temperature fluctuations and much less buoyant in the water.  Animals that rely on scent to find their babies or mothers fade away due to the strong scent of the oil. This  causes a baby to be rejected and abandoned, leaving the babies to starve and eventually die.

Oil can impair a bird’s ability to fly, preventing it from foraging or escaping from predators. As they preen,  birds may ingest the oil coating their feathers, irritating the digestive tract, altering liver function, and  causing kidney damage.

Sagar Manthan – Oil spill collector

It Is based on different principles of Science:

Chemical reaction

Metallic aluminium is very reactive with atmospheric oxygen, and a thin passivation layer of aluminium oxide (4  nm thick) forms on any exposed aluminium surface. , Aluminium oxide is responsible for the resistance of  metallic aluminium to weathering. This layer protects the metal from further oxidation.

Law of floatation

Law of floatation states that density of objects less than that of the liquid will float and the objects with  density more than that of the liquid will sink.

Viscosity

Of fluids is the property of a fluid (liquid or gas) by virtue of which an internal frictional force comes into  play when the fluid is in motion and opposes the relatiave motion of it’s different layers. It is also called  “fluid friction”.The opposing force is called the internal frictional force or viscous force and this property  of fluid is called viscity. Thick liquids like oil, honey,diesel etc., are more viscous . Thin liquids like water, alcohol, ol, are less viscous

Causes of viscosity:
It is due to the inter molecular forces which are effective when the different layers of the fluid are moving  with different velocities. Thick liquids flow very slowly where as thin liquids liquids flow fast.

Material Used:
For making our project, we have taken a circular Aluminum disc of diameter approx 26 cm, a motor to rotate the  disc, Aluminum strip to extract the oil from the plate. We have used all recycled things to make our project  like old used cardboard, wood from old broken benches and aluminum from scrap.

For the desired project:
The prototype displayed here uses a plate of 26 cm diameter which rotates 50 times per minute collecting 980 ml  (approx.) of oil.

Working:
In this project we require an aluminum plate which is attached to the sides of the ship, near the base so that  it is half immersed in water. When the ship moves the coupled plates move along with it. The plates react with  the oxygen in air and in water and turns to aluminum oxide making its surface rough, thus increasing friction  on the surface.

Oil being less dense floats on water. as viscosity of oil is far more as compared to water as oil is more  viscous than water because of the strong intermolecular force of attraction in oil which causes more internal  friction therefore more viscosity, it get attracted to the plate. As the plate rotates, a tunnel along with  brushes at its sides collects the oil and pass it to the collector, where it can be reused.

The unique feature of the project is a little step for the protection of our BEAUTIFUL ENVIORNMENT.

Utility: Sagar Manthan is a A low cost, Chemical free, Pollution free, Eco friendly and a Measure to save  marine bio diversity.

Name of the School: Delhi Public School, Sushant Lok, Gurgaon

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