James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose
James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose (1612-50). Scottish general. He fought in the Covenanter army opposed to Charles I’s imposition of Anglicanism on Presbyterian Scotland but in the Civil War changed sides, leading an army for Charles against the Presbyterians (1644-45). He had many resounding victories but was routed at Philiphaugh (1645) and fled to the Continent. He returned with a small army in 1650 to avenge Charles’s execution but was defeated again and hanged.
